#314 1906 1¢ Imperforate

Basic Information

Color: Blue Green
Subject: Benjamin Franklin
Watermark: Watermarked double-lined USPS
Printing method: line-engraved intaglio on flat plates
Perforations: Imperforate
Scott #: 314
Quantity issued: 5,015,000
Issued: October 2, 1906

Value

An unused stamp with perfect gum: $15-$20
An unused stamp with gum and a hinge mark: $2.75-$3.75
A used stamp: 10¢-25¢

1906-08 imperforate stamps and private perforations

Private vending machines from the era

The imperforate stamps from 1906-08 were issued without perforations specifically to supply private stamp vending and affixing machine companies. These early automated companies purchased uncut sheets of 400 stamps from the Post Office. They then cut the sheets into rolls (coils) and applied their own proprietary perforations or slots so the stamps could dispense from their machines. A guide to these proprietary perforations can be found by clicking the button below.

Vending machines required stamps with straight edges, either on the top and bottom or on both sides to operate the machines. Initially the Bureau perforated sheets in only one direction and then cut them into strips. These strips were then hand pasted into rolls and sold as a roll of coiled stamps.

The process of pasting together the strips was labor intensive and coils were not cheap to produce. The advent of the rotary press saved the day.

The blades in the both the first experimental machines were much to be desired and usually meant separating the stamps meant a torn stamp. The private perforations were employed to aid separation. Various perforations were used.

Because of high demand from philatelists, postal authorities made these imperforate sheets generally available to the collecting public, allowing them to acquire blocks, strips, and position pieces.

Usage

#314 earliest known use, dated December 20th, 1906

The 1¢ Benjamin Franklin stamp was used specifically for:
Postcards: The standard rate for sending a postcard anywhere in the United States.
Drop Letters: Letters mailed and delivered within the same post office district without traveling through broader transit systems.
Third-Class Mail & Printed Matter: Bulk circulars, newspapers, and printed items (priced at 1¢ for every 2 ounces).
Make-up Rate: Combined with other denominations to meet higher or odd postage rates.

Plates

#314 was issued with the following plate #'s

3119-22
3228-31
3364-67
4149
4296
4370-71, 76, 86
4464-93, 98, 99
4505-59
4608-82

Essays and Proofs

300-E

300-E1

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300-E4

300-E

300-P2

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The Inspiration for the Design

Benjamin Franklin source painting

In the nineteenth century Benjamin Franklin was depicted by a bust on the 1¢ value. The 1902 series made the switch from busts to portraits.

Designed by Raymond Ostrander Smith, it was one of the most ornate definitive stamps ever printed by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, featuring flanking allegorical figures holding electric light bulbs to represent Franklin's scientific achievements.

Franklin’s image was inspired by an engraving after a painting by J.B. Longacre that resides in the State Capitol in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.