Color: Lake Subject: James Garfield Watermark: Watermarked double-lined USPS Paper: Soft porous paper Printing method: line-engraved intaglio on flat plates Printer:The Bureau of Engraving and Printing Perforations: 12 Scott #: 282 Quantity issued: 45,457,549 Issued:December 31st, 1898
Value
An unused stamp with perfect gum:$40-$130 An unused stamp with gum and a hinge mark: $7.50-$15 A used stamp: $1.50-$4.50
About the 1898 definitive stamps
A proof #282 (#282P1)
Click the image to enlarge
The 1898 US definitive stamps (specifically the 1-cent and other denominations) were primarily issued to comply with Universal Postal Union color standards, changing the 1-cent from blue to green to assist international identification. These changes coincided with the Spanish-American War and the 1898 Trans-Mississippi Exposition.
The change from the previous dull brown to lake was not mandated by U.P.U.
Identifying the Watermark
The double lined USPS watermark
Between 1895 and 1916 the U.S. government used two different watermarks, double line and single line with the letters "USPS".
By placing the watermark face down on a dark surface or holding it up to bright light you might be able to see the watermark. If you cannot see the watermark it might be a good idea to invest in watermark fluid and a watermark tray. Ronsons lighter fluid works just as well as watermark fluid. Both fluids evaporate quickly.
Pour a little fluid in the tray, lay the stamp face down. In a few seconds the stamp will absorb the fluid and reveal the watermark to you.
As you will see from the illustrations the letters can span several stamps, so on the watermark, for instance, you can see only part of the letter S in one corner and only part the letter P in the other corner.
#282a
#282a
#282a Purple Lake
To realise the full value (MH $200-$350) of this shade it needs to be accompanied by a certificate.
Usage
The earliest known use of #282, March 13th, 1899
The 6¢ Garfield stamp was primarily used pay the triple rate postage. It was also used, in combination with other stamps, to pay higher rates.
Plates
#282 was issued with the following plate #'s
200 subject plates 554, 922-925
The Inspiration for the Design
James Garfield source photo
The portrait of James A. Garfield featured on #224 was engraved by the American Bank Note Company based on a photograph by James Wallace Black (or sometimes attributed to his studio partnership, Black & Case). It had previously been used on the 5¢ stamp (#216)
The original photograph was a popular portrait taken during Garfield's time in the US House of Representatives (circa 1870–1880)