Color: Dull Brown Subject: James Garfield Paper: Soft porous paper Printing method: line-engraved intaglio on flat plates Printer:The Bureau of Engraving and Printing Perforations: 12 Scott #: 256 Quantity issued: 5,120,800 Issued: July 18th, 1894
Value
An unused stamp with perfect gum:$125-$150 An unused stamp with gum and a hinge mark: $12-$30 A used stamp: $1.50-$3
About the First Bureau stamps
#256 is different from the rest of the 1894 Bureau's in that the top line runs all the way to the right edge of the stamp. Shown on the left is the 6¢ stamp, on the right any other Bureau issue.
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The 1894 Series, known as the "First Bureau Issue," marked the first time the U.S. government printed its own postage stamps, ending the 47-year monopoly of private contractors. Produced by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing (BEP), this series used existing designs but introduced small, unique "triangles" in the corners of the stamps to distinguish them from earlier American Bank Note Company issues.
The BEP, which had been established in 1862, successfully bid for the contract to print postage stamps, overcoming intense opposition from private firms that claimed the government was incapable of the work. The BEP reused the 1890–1893 stamp dies. The most defining feature of this series is the addition of small triangles in the upper corners of the designs.
#256a
#256a
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#256a
IVertical pair, imperf horizontal
Usage
#256 on an uprated cover to Syracuse, NY
The 6¢ Garfield stamp was primarily used pay the triple rate postage. It was also used, in combination with other stamps, to pay higher rates.
Plates
#256 was issued with the following plate #'s
28
The Inspiration for the Design
James Garfield source photo
The portrait of James A. Garfield featured on #224 was engraved by the American Bank Note Company based on a photograph by James Wallace Black (or sometimes attributed to his studio partnership, Black & Case). It had previously been used on the 5¢ stamp (#216)
The original photograph was a popular portrait taken during Garfield's time in the US House of Representatives (circa 1870–1880)